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Leadership styles of three leaders Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Initiative styles of three pioneers - Term Paper Example Official A was unassuming and he never assumed the acknowledgment of the achieve...

Thursday, October 31, 2019

A Research Proposal on 'Climate Change - A Global Problem. How can Essay

A Research Proposal on 'Climate Change - A Global Problem. How can Professional Help' - Essay Example This research study will focus on the profession of architecture specifically, to determine how the professionals have a role in current trends of climate change. Firstly, the aims and objectives of this study will be presented. Secondly a critical analysis of the relevant and up-to-date literature will be outlined. Next, the methodology, method and data collection technique for this research project will be outlined and justified. Following, a timetable of duties and their timeline will be illustrated. Finally, a conclusion shall synthesise the main points of this proposal and demonstrate the value of this study in determining the place of professional architects in climate change. The aim is to identify the place for professional architects in determining how to limit climate change, by evaluating their attitudes toward climate change and their responsibilities as architects. It is anticipated that this project will indicate directions for a global approach by architects as to how to approach limitation of climate change. Scientific inquiry using the scientific method requires investigation that aims to answer a question in a systematic manner, relying on a predefined set of procedures to collect evidence, and to produce results that were not known of in advance and that can be applied beyond the immediate study (Morris, 2005). This is a set of procedures used to investigate a research question to acquire new knowledge about the world, or to correct and integrate previous knowledge, using observable and measurable data, which is subject to the laws of reasoning and logic. Research methods are employed to control for extraneous variables that may influence the results of measurements, and to guard against investigator bias, or the subjective bias of the participant. Empirical data is used to depersonalize the issue,

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Friere - Banking v. Problem Solving Models of Education Essay - 1

Friere - Banking v. Problem Solving Models of Education - Essay Example There is a disconnect between a more expansive view of men as being capable of finding out the truth for themselves on the one hand, and what the educational system has so ordered as the way men should learn and that is via a one-way banking concept with the students as mere depositories of knowledge that the educational system has a monopoly on (Freire, n.d.). e) â€Å"Education as the practice of freedom- as opposed to education as the practice of domination- denies that man is abstract, isolated, independent, and unattached to the world; it also denies that the world exists as a reality apart from men. Authentic reflection considers neither abstract man nor the world without men, but men in their relations with the world† (Freire 72) e) â€Å"In problem-posing education, men develop their power to perceive critically the way they exist in the world with which and in which they find themselves; they come to see the world not as a static reality, but as a reality in process, in transformation† (Freire 73) f) â€Å"Banking education resists dialogue; problem-posing education regards dialogue as indispensable to the act of cognition which unveils reality...Problem-posing education bases itself on creativity and stimulates true reflection and action upon reality, thereby responding to the vocation of men as being who are authentic only when engaged in inquiry and creative transformation† (Freire 73) g) â€Å"Problem-posing education affirms men as beings in the process of becoming...The unfinished character of men and the transformational character of reality necessitate that education be an ongoing activity† (Freire 73-74) It is clear from the preceding text that Freire discounts the banking model, after analysis as bankrupt and fostering a model of education that dehumanizes. Truer to the nature of man as capable of seeking the truth is the problem-posing model. There are elements in the banking model that,

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Safety Measures In Pakistan Construction Industry Construction Essay

Safety Measures In Pakistan Construction Industry Construction Essay Safety in the construction industry has always been a major issue. Wherever reliable records are available, construction is found to be one of the most dangerous on safety and health criteria, particularly in developing countries. Though much improvement in construction safety has been achieved, the industry still continues to lag behind most other industries with regard to safety. Pakistan is a developing country and currently enjoys a relatively strong growth in construction work. Unfortunately, Pakistans construction industry suffers from poor safety and health conditions. The framework of the existing occupational and health conditions is fragmented and inadequately enforced, making construction sites more hazardous. It may even be argued that relevant regulations are outdated and irrelevant in day-to-day construction operations. Like many developing countries of the world, Pakistan at present does not have comprehensive occupational health and safety laws. The number of injuries and illnesses is probably very high in Pakistan because thousands of workers are routinely exposed to hazardous work in construction industry. However, there is no reliable data on occupational safety and health injuries and illnesses because a majority of accidents are not reported to the regulatory agencies. The regulatory agencies neither have an effective enforcement policy nor strict requirements for reporting injuries and illness at work places. Another reason of such indents is the careless behaviour of workers towards safety measures and rules. This study focus on national culture and safety climate in the construction industry in Pakistan. More specifically, it investigates the safety perceptions, attitudes, and behaviour of Pakistani construction workers and management safety practices. It will present the practical results of a number of questionnaire surveys administrate in Pakistan targeting construction workers, and managers with safety management responsibilities. Due to a relatively new awareness of construction safety in Pakistan, the construction industry lacks infrastructure for proper construction safety standards and plans. This study provide the way to improve management system to reduce injuries at construction site and some useful insights into the main players of the Pakistani construction industry for a greater understanding of: (1) risk perceptions, attitudes and safe/unsafe work behaviour of construction workers; (2) managers safety practices and their preferences; and (3) the extent to which workers attitudes and perceptions and their behaviour are associated with their national culture. This data not only adds to the understanding of the implications of Pakistani cultural values on the construction organization, but also provides new knowledge for construction managers who will be better able to understand the culture within which they operate and improve outcomes. The results of this research will be of use to a cross-sectional range of workers and managers Why are you interested in the project? Safety of a workforce employed in the construction industry has always been a matter of concern for employers and labour organizations in developing countries. Previous research has shown that improving the accuracy in the recording of incidents (or accidents) is one way in which the safety management system could be improved. Without a robust safety management system it is impossible to provide a safe working environment for employees. In order to improve health and safety systems, developing countries should look at systems in place in developed countries. In these countries the situation is quite the opposite, and therefore they can be used as a guide as to what can be achieved in the health and safety area of the construction industry in developing countries. Though a lot of preventive measures have been implemented and enforced to ensure the safety of labourers in the developing countries, there is still much more that needs to be done in this area to reduce the chances of any unfortunate situations arising. Astonishingly, in certain parts of developing countries like Pakistan, safety rules within construction companies usually do not exist; and if they do in a rough form. Most companies do not even follow rules considered basic in developed countries, for example appropriate PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), and adequate signage. For this research, appropriate methods for data collection would surely be: questionnaire surveys and interviews. The questionnaire will have both qualitative and quantitative items for this research and it includes open-ended and close-ended questions. The open-ended questions will be providing with a view to obtain as much as information possible about site safety conditions and plans. This questionnaire also has several quantitative measures (Keys) built into it. These quantitative measures (Keys) will provide to facilitate the intention to translate the qualitative impressions gathered after each interview into some measurable rating scales. In addition, each management staff was asked for their personal and professional information background (i.e. age, job title, experience in construction and safety training received). Finally management was asked to provide personal suggestions for improvements to the safety systems at the site. And finally the data which will collect from the questionnaire surveys and interviews will analyse and the analytical analysis will undertake. For secondary data there has been increasing interest in trying to understand how management practices and organizational factors impact on workplace, workers and their safety. Some research papers have focused on workplace managers as role models for instilling safety awareness and supporting safe behaviour also I will use internet search for this research. The construction industry plays a vital role in the social and economic development of all countries. The importance and role of the construction industry in the economy of any country has been confirmed by several studies, including Coble and Haupt (1999). However, when compared with other (labour intensive) industries, the construction industry has historically experienced a disproportionately high rate of disabling injuries and fatalities for its size (Hinze, 1997). Kartam and Bouz (1998) identified the advancement in social sciences as having promoted a greater awareness of the purity of life and the unacceptability of premature death due to work-related accidents. Past researches has shown that the high number of construction site accidents is a universal problem of much concern. Though notable improvements in construction worker safety at sites have been achieved, the industry continues to lag behind most other industries with regard to safety (National Safety Council, 1999). According to Davies and Tomasin (1996), there are a number of reasons why accident records within the construction industry compare poorly with those of the manufacturing industry. In factories, there is normally a controlled working environment, with little change in the working procedures and equipment over long periods; additionally, the labour force usually remains fairly constant. Thus once identified, hazards can be remedied with relative ease, and the danger mitigated. However the case is quite different in the construction industry as the working environment is constantly changing. The construction industry is a mixture of different organisations, which directly and indirectly influence the construction process. These organisations include property developers, architects, engineers, quantity surveyors, accountants, lawyers, civil engineering contractors, engineering contractors, management contractors, labourers, subcontractors and specialist trades. The same complexity can be found with construction workplaces. Within the workplace Construction processes involve hazardous activities, such as working at height, manual handling, exposure to hazardous materials, demolition, frame erection, lifting operations, scaffolding and ground works, bulk materials and heavy equipment handling, as well as the varying jobsite personnel and the regularly changing worksites. A further characteristic of the industry, that makes management of this sector more troublesome, is the unfavourably high supervisor-worker ratio. Supervisors who have more a personal and positive relations hip with workers have more favourable safety performance records (Hinze, 1997; Levitt Samelson, 1993). This relationship is harder to develop if the ratio is too high, which is generally the case within the construction industry (Smallwood, 2000). Rowlinson and Lingard (1996) have attributed the prototype nature of construction projects, the transient nature of work, low education levels of the workforce and high levels of subcontracting, as major contributing factors to poor safety records within the construction industry worldwide. There is a wide variation in economic structures, occupational structures, working conditions, work environment, and the health status of workers in different regions of the world, in different countries and in different sectors of the economy. Therefore the mechanisation of the construction industry is not uniform throughout the world. However, as stated earlier, the construction industry plays a vital role in boosting the economy of any country, especially a developing country. It provides the infrastructure required for other sectors of the economy to flourish. Many studies, such as Coble and Haupt (1999) have shown that construction industry reflects the level of economic development within the country. The construction sector everywhere faces problems and challenges. However, in developing countries, these difficulties and challenges are present alongside a general level of socio-economic stress and a lower productivity rate when compared to developed countries (Ofori, 2000). Ne vertheless it is generally believed that the industry is a good source of employment at various levels of skills, from a general labour to semi-skilled, skilled and specialist workforce. Other major areas that impacts on this sector are lack of research and development, lack of trade and safety training, client dissatisfaction, and the continuously increasing construction costs (all of which result in less profitability). A lot of analyst found that, in most developing countries, for example like India, there are: no training programs for staff and workers therefore, no orientation for new staff or workers is conducted, hazards are not pointed out and no safety meetings are held. Employees are expected to learn from their own mistakes and experience. It is widely accepted that unsafe behaviour is intrinsically linked to workplace accidents. A positive correlation exists between workers safe behaviour and the safety climate within construction site environments. Construction workers attitudes towards safety are influenced by their perceptions of risk, management, safety rules and procedures. A variety of studies, including Niskanen (1994), Glendon and Litherland (2001) and Mohamed (2002) have investigated the construction safety climate within developed countries. In the majority of these studies, researchers have either developed a new model or replicated an already tested model with a view to improving its adequacy. However, there is a lack of research in this area in the context of developing countries. Pakistan is a developing country that is currently enjoying relatively strong growth in construction activities. Unfortunately, the enforcement of safety regulations is not widespread within Pakistan. Some may even argue that the framework of existing occupational and health conditions of Pakistans construction industry is fragmented and inadequately enforced. Likewise in any industry, good health and safety conditions form good and safe business practice. Therefore, it is believed the integration of safety and health measures into a total management system, within the construction sector in Pakistan, could contribute significantly to the cost efficiency, quality assurance and environmental protection of the company and its employees. Cultural differences have a significant impact upon industrial safety culture and help in understanding the different approaches to accident prevention and safety management. Knowledge of cultural differences cannot be acquired without first understanding what culture is. Although culture is used widely to describe variations among people from different nations or of different ethnicities, there is no single, accepted definition. There is, however, a commonly-used set of characteristics that helps to identify culture: 1) culture includes systems of values 2) Culture is learned, not innate 3) culture distinguishes one group from another and 4) culture influences beliefs, attitudes, perceptions and behaviour in a somewhat uniform and predictable way (Bird, 2003). As safety climate is often portrayed as a temporal measure of culture (Cheyne et al., 1998) this last characteristic of culture is most important, as it relates the national culture to the safety climate. Safety climate also refers to the shared perceptions, beliefs, attitudes and behaviour of the worker, regarding safety in their workplace. Ngowi and Mothibi (1996), in a study of 30 construction sites in Botswana, found cultural differences were a major reason for viewing safety procedures differently. Site managers in that study stated that the safety gear provided to employees from impoverished backgrounds were often sold. The managers also referred to the cultural habits of drinking alcohol or taking herbal drugs. They identified a tendency for workers to travel to work in smart clothes and to leave the construction site to spend their money as soon as they received their wages. Experience with traditional construction techniques, such as the use of mud mixed by hand, proved to be obstacles in getting workers to appreciate the need to wear gloves when working with concrete. Further, some local cultures were considered more emotional or more dominant, thus causing certain difficulties with effective safety management. The literature review revealed a lack of research work undertaken on the influence (direct or indirect) of national culture on local safety conditions in the construction industry. This deficiency is a major contributor to the development of this current research rationale which focuses on workers and management characteristics, and how these characteristics in turn, can influence the safety climate of the workplace.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Essay --

Wenig elektrisierend – Haben Elektroautos einfach nur ein Imageproblem, oder ist die Technik wirklich noch nicht reif? Die Bundesregierung hà ¤lt an ihrem Ziel fest. Bis 2020 sollen eine Million Elektroautos, lautlos auf deutschen Straßen umhersurren. Ist das machbar, oder sind der Regierung jetzt endgà ¼ltig die Sicherungen durchgebrannt? Abgesehen von technischen Rahmenbedingungen, werden hier nicht vielleicht einige wichtige à ¤ußere Faktoren vergessen? Vor 75 Jahren ist à ¼ber einem Feld in Lake Hurst, in der Nà ¤he von New Jersey, ein riesiges, 245 Meter langes Luftschiff lichterloh in Flammen aufgegangen ist. Die Rede ist von „LZ 129â€Å". Ein Zeppelin, der traurige Berà ¼hmtheit erlangen sollte. Die Hindenburg. Ein Spannungsfunke an der falschen Stelle genà ¼gte. 200.000 Kubikmeter Wasserstoff fingen sofort Feuer und rissen 36 Menschen mit in den Tod. Dieser eine Funke genà ¼gte auch, um die Bedeutung der Luftschifffahrt fà ¼r immer zu besiegeln. Der Unfall war damals „nurâ€Å" der fà ¼nfschwerste Zeppelin-Unfall, der sich ereignet hat. Aber er war der erste vollstà ¤ndig detailliert, dokumentierte in der Geschichte. Die Hindenburg-Katastrophe wurde gefilmt und live im Radio à ¼bertragen. Obwohl moderne Zeppeline die mit Helium fliegen, absolut sicher sind und sie praktischen Nutzen hà ¤tten, wird sich diese Technologie nie wieder richtig durchsetzen. Die Anzahl der aktuell zugelassenen Luftschiffe in Deutschland kann man, laut dem Lauffahrt-Bundesamt, an einer Hand abzà ¤hlen. Wortwà ¶rtlich! Es sind nà ¤mlich genau fà ¼nf. So sehr hat sich der Unfall in das Gedà ¤chtnis der Leute eingebrannt, dass viele Leute laut einer Umfrage, sogar mit Wasserstoff betankte Brennstoffzellen- Elektroautos fà ¼r sehr gefà ¤hrlich halten. Jetzt kà ¶nnte den Elektroautos ein à ¤hnlich... ...Elektroautos dann wirklich einhundertprozentig Co2-frei fahren kà ¶nnen, es wird an den echten „Freaksâ€Å" vorbeigehen. Fà ¼r uns werden sie nie so viel Spaß machen und so viel Freude auslà ¶sen, wie ein guter alter bollernder V8 Motor, ein kreischender V12, ein pfeifender Bi-Turbo-Sechszylinder, etc. Der Là ¤rm, die Vibration, die Emotionen, die Kraft; dagegen werden es Elektromotoren, die uns immer irgendwie an (X-beliebiges Haushaltsgerà ¤t bitte hier einsetzen) erinnern werden, SEHR schwer haben. Wenn Umweltschà ¼tzer, Politiker und Aktivisten aller Art sagen: „Es wird bald „coolâ€Å" und „hipâ€Å" sein ein Elektroauto zu fahrenâ€Å", dann kommt das immer so rà ¼ber wie damals als man noch jung und faul war und einem seine Mutter zu sich und seinem Bruder gessagt hat: „Kommt schon Kinder, haltet doch mal ein Rennen um zu sehen wer schneller sein Zimmer aufrà ¤umen kann! Das wird spaß machen!â€Å"

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Magwitch’s feelings about dying

I am going to die. Going to die I am. I am to die going. Five flittering little words, whirling round and round my head. Death. The Grim Reaper, Lucifer, the Great Crow, the Black Cat, Anubis, the Pale Horseman. Humanity's greatest mystery, oldest fear, the Hourglass we all try to run away from, finally to be unmasked; I am no longer afraid. Suddenly, there is so much I want to say, so much I want to do, but in my sudden rush of adrenaline I am confined to these four walls, this hard, rough mattress, eyes fixed on the blank, white ceiling. I want to move, say something, let the world know that this is it, I'm through, I'm done†¦but then again, who will care? It hits me; what are we, foolish human beasts? Did we really think we could cut the marionette strings that link us to Time's fiddling hands? Is it possible, that we once believed we were safe from the sharp edges of the Fates' scissors? Surely we didn't, couldn't, once imagine that we would be prepared to die, that we would know when our ferry through Acheron would embark. No, surely not; before you know it, the obolus is stuffed down your throat and Charon's dark paddle begins to glide through the gloomy waters of the underworld. I repeat, I am not afraid, just mystified by the mists of the Unknown that follow behind the curtain. I can see it, flimsy little thing; a roughly cut, black silk sheet, full of whispers and buzzing voices. Who's there? Can I touch it? I'm going insane. No Magwitch, there is no curtain, there's just the blank white ceiling, get some sleep. I don't want to sleep! I want to go! I want to touch the curtain! What does it feel like? It looks so soft†¦ too soft. Something isn't right. It's not beautiful anymore, in fact, as you get closer to it, you can see it really isn't silk, they're dirty rags, intertwined in each other's filth†¦I don't want to pull this curtain anymore, I don't like it. Pip! Come back! Come back and tell me of my daughter! May I know more of her before I die that the mere fact that she is alive and the woman of your dreams! Please†¦the Lord won't be merciful to me! Please†¦don't leave me†¦ I am not ready for this, but I let it happen anyways; with one last sweeping action, the curtain engulfs me in its sea of black. I am going to die. I am dead.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Comparative Paper: Beowulf and Batman Essay

A superhero is a fictional character who is noted for feats of courage and nobility, who usually has a colorful name and costume, a mastery of relevant skills, advanced equipment and/or extraordinary powers and abilities beyond those of normal human beings. More importantly, a superhero has a strong moral code, including a willingness to risk his own safety in the service of good without expectation of reward. Although superhero powers vary widely, the posession of superhuman strength, the ability to fly, and enhancements of the senses are all common.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These abovementioned characteristics of a superhero are evident in Beowulf, the main character in â€Å"the longest surviving poem in Old English†, which is also entitled Beowulf, by an unknown author (Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies, 2006). Beowulf showed signs of being a superhero in what Wikipedia has cited as his three main battles: First Battle: Grendel – When Beowulf, being the prince of a Germanic tribe from southern Sweden called the Geats, led his men to rescue the kingdom of Hrothgar of Denmark from Grendel, a â€Å"solitary fiend† (line 165), who has killed men and brought fear to all in Hrothgar’s charge. Beowulf tears Grendel’s arm from his body and Grendel runs home to die, which caused the Danes and the Swedes to rejoice. Second Battle: Grendel’s Mother – When Grendel’s mother attacks that same night Grendel was defeated, and took one man to avenge her son’s death, Beowulf, along with his men and the Danes, traveled to the lake where this monster-woman lives, but the hero dives into the water alone, eventually defeating the â€Å"towering mere-wife† (line 1519) only by using a magic sword he finds in her cache of treasure (lines 837-1650). Third Battle: the dragon – Beowulf returns home and eventually becomes king of his own people. One day, late in Beowulf’s life, a man steals a golden cup from a dragon’s lair. When the dragon sees that the cup has been stolen, it leaves its cave in a rage, burning up everything in sight. Beowulf and his warriors come to fight the dragon, but only one of the warriors, a brave young man named Wiglaf, stays to help Beowulf, because the rest are too afraid. Beowulf kills the dragon with Wiglaf’s help, but dies from the wounds he has received. The dragon’s treasure is taken from its lair and buried with Beowulf’s ashes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These adventures of Beuwolf are somehow being resurrected in today’s superheroes such as Batman, although both represent an entirely different literary traditions. The former is a 10th century Anglo-Saxon epic poem with a touch of Christianity while the latter is a product of what is called as popular culture – movies, shows or comics that usually has a mass appeal. The classic hero possesses strength, ethics; and, above all, fights evil. This model applied in the time of Beowulf still applies today, only slightly modified. As a result of such innovations as television and fashion magazines, society has come to value physical attractiveness and sexual prowess, as evident in the example of Batman. In addition, humility has become a desired quality in modern times, whereas self-confidence to the point of arrogance was a favorable attribute in the time of Beowulf.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Despite the differences, similarities between the Anglo-Saxon hero and modern day hero can be seen through the comparison of Beowulf and Batman. Beowulf and Batman both possess the heroic quality of strength. We have seen Beowulf’s feat in the three battles described above.   Batman, on the other hand, single-handedly fights gangs of criminals on numerous occasions in the movie â€Å"Batman,† showing not only muscular strength, but endurance, much like that of Beowulf. Batman echoes the heroic strength of Beowulf. Another heroic quality shared by Batman and Beowulf is their commitment to fighting evil. When a villain attacks innocent citizens, the hero is there to protect them and fight the attacker.   This is where the fighting of Good versus evil becomes the next major component to the stories of Beowulf and Batman. The Anglo-Saxons were religious people and had a strong belief in God. The hero must kill the villain â€Å"face to face† and never stab it in the back. These heroes represent the Good; they are usually honest, clean, upright respectable people – an archetype for what a model citizen should be. Both the stories tell a tale of Good fighting against Evil and then dying for the people. Both Batman and Beowulf wear this heroic responsibility to fight evil well. However, as opposed to Batman, Beowulf, whose main asset was his amazing hand strength, not much mention was made of his wily good looks or his incredible intelligence (Rollins, 2006). As Christianity spread throughout Europe, feudal cultures told stories that combined their warrior ethos with Christ’s example of personal sacrifice. Despite developing a global culture theoretically no longer quite as dependent on national conquest, the Western world still tends to envision our savior hero as â€Å"someone who kicks butt† (think of Neo in The Matrix) (Wandtke, 2005). Alongside this pervasive trend, however, an interesting countercurrent developed in the Renaissance and has reached its peak in recent years. This countercurrent suggests the hero who rights the wrongs of the world with force might actually be destructive to general cultural development (as one culture’s hero will often be another culture’s villain). Do our warrior heroes provide us with examples of the heights we can reach as Christians? Or do they operate with moral principles that work in opposition to the teachings of Jesus?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even though the roles have changed for the heroes throughout time their importance to the countries has not gotten smaller. These heroes’ jobs are also as equally important as the ones of Beowulf’s day because they play a large role in our society. Television, radio stations and comic books are a form of entertainment that allows people to be introduced to heroes and escape their problems and lives, and pretend that these heroes would transport them into a world solely their own, a world where the good triumphs over evil – even for a moment. For as long as there are harsh realities, there is always a room for make-believe. Worls Cited: Abrams, M.H. â€Å"Beowulf.† The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Retrieved 22 Apr   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2006, . â€Å"Beowulf.† Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 23 Apr 2006, 12:11 UTC. 23 Apr 2006, 20:48   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   . â€Å"Beowulf: Introduction.† Online Reference Books for Medieval Studies. 08 Aug 2003,    Wandtke, Terry. â€Å"From Beowulf to Batman: Classic Heroism in Contemporary Contexts   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Or, Where’s My Jesus Action Figure?).† Imaginarium @ cornerstone festival. 30   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   June 2005,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   . Rollins, Roger B. â€Å"True Blue Revolutionaries or Tired Beowulf Reruns.† MegaEssays.com.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved 23 Apr 2006, . Â